We know that India is one among the most diverse countries in the world. There are different types of people, having different cultures, languages, religions, customs, traditions, etc. This diversity is due to many reasons. In this chapter, we will understand the meaning of diversity and why it exists. We will also compare different regions of the country and see how people change their lifestyles with the change in geographical conditions. We will see the challenges of a diverse country and how diversity makes a country stronger too.