In this chapter we learn about physical nature of matter including from which particle they are made up of, how small these particles are. Then we know characteristics of particles of matter in which we learn particles have space between them in the particle, they are continuously moving, they attract each other. We also learn States of matter(Solid state, liquid state, gaseous state), matter can changes their state or not, effect of change of temperature, change of pressure in the state of matter. At last we know about evaporation, factors effecting it, how it causes cooling.