Physics XII

Physics Part 1
Electric Charges and Fields
29 Topics
Electric Charge
Electroscope
Conductors and Insulators
Charging by Induction
Additivity of charges
Charge is Conserved
Quantisation of Charge
Coulomb’s Law
Vector Notation of Coulomb’s Law
Forces Between Multiple Charges
Electric Field
Electric field due to a system of charges
Physical Significance of Electric Field
Electric Field Lines
Electric Flux
Electric Dipole
Electric field when the point is on the dipole axis
Electric Field when the Point is on the Equatorial Plane
Physical Significance of Dipoles
Dipole in a Uniform External Field
1 of 2
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
 32 Topics
Analogy between Gravitational Law and Coulomb’s Law
Electrostatic Potential – Introduction
Important Points Related to Electrostatic Potential Energy
Electrostatic Potential
Potential due to a Point Charge
Potential due to an Electric Dipole
Potential due to a System of Charges
Potential due to a Continuous Charge Distribution
Case I – Line of Charge
Potential due to a Charged Disc
Equipotential Surfaces
Relation between Field and Potential
Potential Energy of a System of Charges
Potential energy of a single charge
Potential energy of a system of two charges in an external field
Potential Energy of an Electric Dipole in an External Field
Electrostatics of Conductors: Introduction
Field Inside a Conductor
Electrostatic Field at the Surface of Charged Conductor
Interior of a Conductor and Excess Charge
1 of 2
Current Electricity
 27 Topics
Electric Current
Electric Current in Conductors
Ohm’s Law
Drift Velocity
Mobility
Limitations of Ohm’s Law
Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators
Carbon Resistor
Temperature Dependence of Resistivity
Resistivity of Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators
Electrical Power
Power Transmission and Energy Loss
Power Transmission and Energy Loss
Resistors in Series
Resistors in Parallel
Electrolytic Cell
Internal Resistance
Cells in Series
Cells in Parallel
Kirchhoff’s Rules: Introduction
1 of 2
Moving Charges and Magnetism
 22 Topics
Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
Sources and Fields
Magnetic Field, Lorentz Force
Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor
Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field
Motion in a Magnetic Field
Velocity Selector
Toroid
Magnetic Field due to a Current Element
Biot-Savart’s Law vs Coulomb’s Law
Magnetic Field due to a Circular Coil along its Axis
Ampere’s Circuital Law
Solenoid
The Toroid
Force between Two Parallel Currents
The ampere
Torque on a Rectangular Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field
Torque on a Rectangular Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field: Vector Representation
Circular Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole
The Magnetic Dipole Moment of a Revolving Electron
1 of 2
Magnetism and Matter
 13 Topics
History of Magnets
The Magnetic Field Lines
Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid
Bar Magnet and Solenoid: Mathematical Proof
The Electrostatic Analog
Magnetism and Gauss’s Law
The Earth’s Magnetism
Magnetic Declination
Inclination/Angle of Dip
Magnetic Field at a Point
Terms Related to Magnetic Field
Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity
The Magnetic Hysteresis Loop
Electromagnetic Induction
 10 Topics
The experiments of faraday and Henry.
Magnetic Flux
Faraday law of induction
Lenz’s law and Conservation of Energy
Motional EMF
Growth and Decay of current in LR circuit.
Energy Consideration:A quantitative study
Eddy Currents
Inductance
AC generator
Alternating Current
 9 Topics
AC voltage applied to a resistor
Phasors and AC voltage applied to aninductor
AC voltage applied to a capacitor
AC voltage applied to a series LCR
Resonance in RLC Circuit
Sharpness of resonance
power factor
LC oscillations
Transformers
Electromagnetic Waves
 8 Topics
Displacement Current
Nature of EM waves
Features of Electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Radio Wave
Micro Waves and Infra Red waves
VisibleRays and Ultra Violet rays
X Rays and Gamma Rays
Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
 13 Topics | 1 Exam
Reflection of Light
Spherical mirrors
Mirror formula
Refraction of light
Total internal reflection and its applications
Optical fibres
Lenses
Thin lens formula
Lensmaker’s formula
Magnification, power of a lens & a mirror
Refraction & dispersion of light through a prism
Scattering of light
Optical Instruments, microscope and telescope
Refraction at spherical surfaces
Wave Optics
 9 Topics
Introduction to Wave Nature and wave fronts
Huygen’s principle
Laws of reflection & refraction using Huygen’s principle
Interference of light and Young double slit experiment
Fringe width, coherent sources
Diffraction
Comparison of interference and diffraction
Polarisation of light
MalusLaw ,Brewster law and Resolving power
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
 10 Topics
Electron Emission
photoelectric effect
Experimental study of photoelectric effect and effect of intensity of light on photoelectric current
Effect of potential on photoelectric current
Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential
What is meant by photoelectric effect and what is wave theory of light
What is Einstein’s photoelectric equation
Particle nature of light- The photon
Wave nature of matter
Davisson and Germer experiment
Atoms
 5 Topics
Rutherford’s Discovery
Impact parameter
Atomic Spectra
Bohr’s explanation
Revision
Nuclei
 9 Topics
Composition and size of Atom and Nucleus
Composition of Nucleus I
Composition of Nucleus II
Discovery of Neutron
Mass-energy
Nuclear Binding Energy
Nuclear Energy
Fundamental Laws of Radioactivity
Nuclear Fission & Fusion
Semiconductor Electronics Materials
 1 Topic
Introduction of Energy bands
Communication Channel
 10 Topics
Introduction
Terminologies
Logic Gates ( OR , AND, NOT, NAND & NOR )
Modulation types
Earth’s atmosphere
Behaviour of atmosphere
Basic idea about internet & Mobile telephony
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Merits & demerits
Revision
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Physical Significance of Dipoles

Physics XII Electric Charges and Fields Physical Significance of Dipoles

[ Dipole moment, Physical significance of dipole moment, Polar molecules, Non polar molecules, Central atom, Terminal atoms, Lone pair]

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